Nghiên cứu khoa học

125 mục

DETECTION OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN SUSPECTED CASES USING THE GENEXPERT ASSAY AT INTERNAL MEDICINE DEPARTMENT

Hoang Ngoc Van, Do Ngoc Anh, NGUYỄN HOÀNG HUY THÔNG, Nguyen Duc Su

Trang 73-78

Lượt tải: 8 Lượt xem: 29

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i7.9

The early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis remains a critical priority in clinical practice. Although the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay has been recommended for tuberculosis diagnosis, its implementation has not been widely adopted in many regions of Vietnam. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay on sputum samples for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis and to compare its results with those from direct sputum smear microscopy (AFB). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 270 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis who were examined and treated at the Internal Medicine Department, Thong Nhat Hospital, between January 2024 and July 2025. Among the participants, 72.2% were male and 27.8% were female. The mean age was 79.5 ± 15.1 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.1 ± 3.4 kg/m². The detection rate of tuberculosis was 14.1% using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, compared to 4.8% by AFB smear microscopy.Compared to AFB smear microscopy, the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 84.6%, a specificity of 89.5%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 28.9%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.1%. The rate of rifampicin resistance among detected cases was 7.9%. Patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis presented with diverse clinical manifestations and comorbidities. The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay on sputum samples showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis, with a rifampicin resistance rate of 7.9%.

Abstract:

The early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis remains a critical priority in clinical practice. Although the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay has been recommended for tuberculosis diagnosis, its implementation has not been widely adopted in many regions of Vietnam. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay on sputum samples for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis and to compare its results with those from direct sputum smear microscopy (AFB). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 270 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis who were examined and treated at the Internal Medicine Department, Thong Nhat Hospital, between January 2024 and July 2025. Among the participants, 72.2% were male and 27.8% were female. The mean age was 79.5 ± 15.1 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.1 ± 3.4 kg/m². The detection rate of tuberculosis was 14.1% using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, compared to 4.8% by AFB smear microscopy.Compared to AFB smear microscopy, the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 84.6%, a specificity of 89.5%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 28.9%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.1%. The rate of rifampicin resistance among detected cases was 7.9%. Patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis presented with diverse clinical manifestations and comorbidities. The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay on sputum samples showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis, with a rifampicin resistance rate of 7.9%.

DENOSUMAB: A NEW ERA IN OSTEOPOROSIS MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM

Nguyen Van Tuan, Ho Pham Thuc Lan

Trang 4-10

Lượt tải: 347 Lượt xem: 330

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.2

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and increased fracture risk. In Vietnam, the disease affects ~30% in postmenopausal women and ~10% in men over 50, highlighting a growing public health challenge as the population ages. Bisphosphonates remain the standard firstline treatment. Recent advances in bone biology highlight the critical role of the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway in bone remodeling. Osteoporosis arises when the RANKL/OPG ratio becomes imbalanced. Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets RANKL, replicates OPG’s ability to suppress osteoclast activity, increasing bone mineral density and reducing fracture risk by 20–68% across various skeletal sites. Unlike bisphosphonates, Denosumab is reversible, metabolized by the reticuloendothelial system, and appropriate for patients with advanced kidney disease, though it necessitates monitoring for hypocalcemia. This advancement offers clinicians a valuable tool for managing osteoporosis in Vietnam.

 

CURRENT SITUATION AND BARRIERS TO HPV VACCINATION AMONG FEMALE NURSING STUDENTS AT TRA VINH UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM, 2024

Lâm Tải Hoàng Hiếu, Ngo Le Hoang Giang, Thach Lan Trinh

Trang 112-116

Lượt tải: 102 Lượt xem: 360

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.17

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and can be prevented through HPV vaccination. However, HPV vaccination coverage in Vietnam remains low, especially among healthcare students. This study aimed to assess the status and barriers to HPV vaccination among female nursing students at Tra Vinh University. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 233 female nursing students from May to July 2024. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS 22.0, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Only 15.5% of students had received at least one dose of HPV vaccine, with 9.4% completing the full three-dose schedule. The main barriers included high cost (73.4%), concerns about side effects (28.8%), perception of unnecessary vaccination without prior sexual activity (22.3%), and lack of accurate information (21.5%). Most students had good knowledge and positive attitudes: 91.4% knew HPV vaccine prevents cervical cancer, 91.8% trusted its effectiveness, and 92.3% were willing to recommend it to peers. HPV vaccination coverage among female nursing students remains low, largely due to financial constraints and insufficient information. Strengthened health education and financial support policies are essential to improve vaccination uptake in this population.

Abstract:

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and can be prevented through HPV vaccination. However, HPV vaccination coverage in Vietnam remains low, especially among healthcare students. This study aimed to assess the status and barriers to HPV vaccination among female nursing students at Tra Vinh University. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 233 female nursing students from May to July 2024. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS 22.0, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Only 15.5% of students had received at least one dose of HPV vaccine, with 9.4% completing the full three-dose schedule. The main barriers included high cost (73.4%), concerns about side effects (28.8%), perception of unnecessary vaccination without prior sexual activity (22.3%), and lack of accurate information (21.5%). Most students had good knowledge and positive attitudes: 91.4% knew HPV vaccine prevents cervical cancer, 91.8% trusted its effectiveness, and 92.3% were willing to recommend it to peers. HPV vaccination coverage among female nursing students remains low, largely due to financial constraints and insufficient information. Strengthened health education and financial support policies are essential to improve vaccination uptake in this population.

Surgical treatment has been the standard of care in selected cases with solid tumors or uterine benign diseases. However, a majority of patients are unable to undergo surgical resection because of the tumor locations, advanced stages, or poor general condition. For patients who are not suitable for surgery or unwilling to undergo surgical treatment, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation surgery is a new option. HIFU is a novel non-invasive technique that can generate coagulative necrosis at a precise focal point within the body, without damaging to the surrounding structures of the target lesions, even within the path of the beam. Ultrasound guided HIFU (USgHIFU) was first used in the treatment of bone tumors in the 1990s. Over the last two decades, this technology has made significant progress and is now widely used in the treatment of various solid tumors and benign diseases of certain organs. Currently, both magnetic resonance imaging guidance focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) and USgHIFU are commercially available. Each of these two types of HIFU systems has its own advantages in guidance. USgHIFU has higher treatment efficiency, with shorter treatment time, and can treat a wider range of diseases than that of MRgFUS. Recently, HIFU has been proven to be beneficial as an adjunct in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, MRgFUS allows for non-invasive treatment of intracranial lesions is another significant advancement in the field of therapeutic ultrasound. Histotripsy was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for hepatic targets. Last year, the Focused Ultrasound Foundation announced that focused ultrasound has been used for the treatment of over 170 diseases. As advances in engineering technology, including guidance techniques for the fusion of ultrasound and MRI, as well as optimization of transducer, are making HIFU treatments easier, safer, and more efficacious. This technique may play a key role in future clinical practice.

 

COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC CARE: THE “TREATMENT TRIANGLE” MODEL

Le Dinh Thanh

Trang 1-3

Lượt tải: 141 Lượt xem: 232

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.1

As Vietnam’s population ages rapidly, the health system faces increasing demands for long-term, integrated, and person-centered care for older adults. To meet these challenges, the “Treatment Triangle” model has been proposed, comprising three interconnected pillars: (1) home and community-based care, (2) hospitalbased specialized treatment, and (3) rehabilitative and nursing care at dedicated centers. Together, these pillars form a continuum of care that emphasizes prevention, early detection, comprehensive management of chronic diseases, and recovery of physical and psychological function. This paper describes the structure, roles, and interconnections of each component and discusses how this model could serve as a sustainable and humane framework for geriatric care in Vietnam.

 

CẬP NHẬT HƯỚNG DẪN ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ PHỔI KHÔNG TẾ BÀO NHỎ SAU PHẪU THUẬT

ADVANCES IN ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR RESECTED NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

Đỗ Kim Quế, Trần Mạnh Hoàng, Đỗ Duy Anh

Trang 34-41

Lượt tải: 136 Lượt xem: 267

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i2.3

Ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ là ung thư thường gặp thứ hai nhưng là nguyên nhân gây tử vong hàng đầu trong các bệnh ung thư. Đa số ung thư phổi được phát hiện ở giai đoạn muộn nên tiên lượng rất xấu. Những trường hợp được phát hiện ở giai đoạn sớm còn có khả năng phẫu thuật triệt căn thì tỉ lệ tái phát vẫn còn khá cao. Điều trị bổ trợ sau phẫu thuật cắt thuỳ phổi tiêu chuẩn cải thiện kết quả sống thêm toàn bộ và sống thêm không bệnh cho bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ. Các tiến bộ gần đây trong chẩn đoán và điều trị ung thư phổi đã chứng minh lợi ích của điều trị bổ trợ với các thuốc trúng địch và liệu pháp miễn dịch cho những bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ và có đột biến nhạy thuốc và/hoặc có biểu lộ chốt chặn miễn dịch sau khi đã được phẫu thuật tiêu chuẩn. 

CẬP NHẬT ĐIỀU TRỊ SUY TIM PHÂN SUẤT TỐNG MÁU GIẢM TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN CAO TUỔI CÓ HUYẾT ÁP THẤP

UPDATED GUIDELINE-BASED MANAGEMENT OF HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH LOW BLOOD PRESSURE

Trương Minh Khánh, Âu Dương Trung Hào, Ninh Hoàng Phong, Nguyễn Ngọc Phương Dung, Đào Duy Lượng, Nguyễn Văn Tân

Trang 7-12

Lượt tải: 194 Lượt xem: 387

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i4.2

Suy tim với phân suất tống máu giảm (STPSTMG) là một thách thức y tế toàn cầu, đặc trưng bởi tỷ lệ mắc, nhập viện và tử vong cao, đặc biệt trong quần thể bệnh nhân cao tuổi. Gánh nặng bệnh tật này không chỉ ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân mà còn tạo áp lực lớn lên hệ thống y tế. Trong những năm gần đây, việc quản lý STPSTMG đã đạt được những tiến bộ vượt bậc nhờ sự ra đời của các nhóm thuốc nền tảng, thường được gọi là "tứ trụ", gồm các thuốc thuộc nhóm ức chế hệ renin–angiotensin–aldosterone (bao gồm ARNI/ACEi/ARB), thuốc chẹn thụ thể beta (BB), thuốc đối kháng thụ thể mineralocorticoid (MRA) và thuốc ức chế kênh đồng vận chuyển natri-glucose 2 (SGLT2i). Các thử nghiệm lâm sàng quy mô lớn đã chứng minh khả năng cải thiện tiên lượng sống còn và giảm tỷ lệ nhập viện do suy tim của các liệu pháp này, ngay cả ở nhóm người cao tuổi. Tuy nhiên, việc triển khai và chuẩn hóa liều tối ưu các liệu pháp trên đối tượng người cao tuổi thường gặp nhiều trở ngại. Một thách thức lâm sàng thường gặp ở nhóm bệnh nhân này là tình trạng huyết áp nền thấp. Mặc dù các nghiên cứu nền tảng đã chứng minh lợi ích, một số nhóm thuốc trong phác đồ có thể gây ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến huyết động làm trầm trọng thêm tình trạng này. Do đó, việc điều trị STPSTMG trên bệnh nhân cao tuổi có huyết áp thấp là một nhiệm vụ phức tạp. Để tối ưu hóa việc sử dụng thuốc, việc hiểu rõ về dược lực học, sinh khả dụng và các biến đổi sinh lý liên quan đến tuổi tác là vô cùng cần thiết. Tài liệu này tổng hợp các bằng chứng khoa học mới nhất, đồng thời đề xuất các chiến lược quản lý hiệu quả và an toàn, giúp các bác sĩ lâm sàng tối ưu hóa việc sử dụng thuốc, từ đó giúp nhóm bệnh nhân này có thêm cơ hội được hưởng lợi từ các liệu pháp cải thiện tiên lượng.

Abstract:

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) represents a major global health burden, characterized by high rates of morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality, particularly among elderly patients. Low blood pressure is a common condition in this population, associated with worse prognosis and challenges in optimizing guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Evidence from randomized controlled trials and real-world studies demonstrates that the benefits of GDMT persist even in patients with low blood pressure. Among the foundational therapies, sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) have minimal hemodynamic effects and can be initiated early, whereas angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), and beta-blockers (BB) should be started at low doses and carefully up-titrated. In Vietnam, prescription rates of GDMT remain limited; however, current evidence highlights the importance of maintaining GDMT to the maximum tolerated extent, alongside evaluating secondary causes of hypotension and tailoring therapy to individual patients. This review summarizes updated evidence, discusses pharmacodynamic considerations, and proposes clinical strategies for managing elderly patients with HFrEF and low blood pressure, emphasizing the role of comprehensive geriatric assessment in achieving safe and effective therapy

CẢI THIỆN THĂNG BẰNG Ở NGƯỜI CAO TUỔI VỚI TAEKWONDO

BALANCE IMPROVEMENT IN OLDER ADULTS WITH TAEKWONDO

Trần Bình Minh

Trang 16-20

Lượt tải: 13 Lượt xem: 34

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i6.3

Rối loạn thăng bằng ở người cao tuổi có thể trực tiếp gây té ngã, dẫn tới chấn thương, giảm chất lượng sống và tăng phụ thuộc sinh hoạt. Nhằm đa dạng hóa loại hình bài tập điều hòa thần kinh – cơ, các bằng chứng về hiệu quả của Taekwondo được tổng quan lại. Thực hiện tìm kiếm bằng các từ khóa liên quan  ghi nhận kết quả Taekwondo cải thiện đáng kể các chỉ số đo lường khả năng thăng bằng tĩnh và động cho nhóm người trên 65 tuổi, ngoài ra kết quả còn gợi ý Taekwondo có tăng tuân thủ luyện tập cho người tham gia. Điều này giúp tăng vai trò của Taekwondo như một loại hình luyện tập cải thiện khả năng thăng bằng cho người cao tuổi, tuy nhiên vẫn cần nhiều bằng chứng chất lượng hơn trong tương lai.

Abstract:

Impaired balance in older adults can directly lead to falls, leading to injuries, reduced quality of life, and increased dependence in daily activities. To diversify neuromotor exercises, evidence on the effectiveness of Taekwondo has been reviewed. Searches using relevant keywords reported that Taekwondo significantly improves both static and dynamic balance measures in individuals over 65 years old. Additionally, the findings suggest that Taekwondo may enhance exercise adherence among participants. These results support the potential of Taekwondo as a exercise to improve balance for older adults, although further high-quality evidence is needed.

CÁC TÁC NHÂN NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT VÀ TÌNH HÌNH ĐỀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THỐNG NHẤT

SEPSIS PATHOGENS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN THONG NHAT HOSPITAL

Nguyễn Ngọc Lân, Nguyễn Thanh Liêm, Trần Tài Lộc, Nguyễn Thị Thanh Tâm, Phan Thị Thanh Tâm

Trang 136-141

Lượt tải: 215 Lượt xem: 368

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i2.20

Nghiên cứu sự phân bố của các tác nhân vi sinh vật gây bệnh và tình trạng đề kháng kháng sinh của chúng trong nhiễm khuẩn huyết tại Bệnh viện Thống Nhất từ ngày 30/04/2024 đến ngày 01/05/2025. Hồi cứu, mô tả cắt ngang, được thực hiện trên 770 chủng vi sinh phân lập được trong mẫu máu từ ngày 30/04/2024 đến ngày 01/05/2025 tại Bệnh viện Thống Nhất. Trong tổng số 770 chủng vi sinh phân lập được, vi khuẩn chiếm 97,27%, vi nấm chiếm 2,73%. Các tác nhân phổ biến gồm Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (30,44%), Escherichia coli (21,23%), Staphylococcus aureus (8,54%) và Klebsiella pneumoniae (7,34%) và Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2,94%). E. coli nhạy >80% với amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam và nhạy >97% với nhóm carbapenem. K. pneumoniae kháng imipenem 30,2%, meropenem 31,3%, ertapenem 25,5%. P. aeruginosa kháng imipenem 50%, meropenem 40,9%. S. aureus đề kháng cao với benzylpenicillin (96,6%), erythromycin (75,9%) và clindamycin (67,2%) nhưng còn nhạy 100% với vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin và tigecycline. Tỉ lệ MRSA là 62,5%; Candida spp. còn nhạy tốt với các thuốc kháng nấm thường dùng. Vi khuẩn là nguyên nhân chủ yếu gây nhiễm khuẩn huyết. Các chủng đa kháng như P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae và MRSA chiếm tỷ lệ đáng kể. Việc theo dõi thường xuyên tình hình đề kháng giúp hỗ trợ bác sĩ lâm sàng lựa chọn kháng sinh phù hợp, giảm tỷ lệ tử vong và chi phí điều trị.

Abstract:

This study investigates the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance status in bloodstream infections at Thong Nhat Hospital from April 30, 2024, to May 1, 2025. Retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 770 microbial isolates obtained from blood samples from April 30, 2024, to May 1, 2025, at Thong Nhat Hospital. Among the total 770 isolated strains, bacteria accounted for 97.27%, and fungi accounted for 2.73%. The common pathogens included Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (30.44%), Escherichia coli (21.23%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.54%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.34%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.94%). E. coli showed >80% susceptibility to amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam and >97% susceptibility to carbapenems. K. pneumoniae demonstrated resistance rates of 30.2% to imipenem, 31,3% to meropenem, and 25.5% to ertapenem. P. aeruginosa resistance rates were 50% to imipenem and 40.9% to meropenem. S. aureus exhibited high resistance to benzylpenicillin (96.6%), erythromycin (75.9%), and clindamycin (67.2%) but remained 100% susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and tigecycline. The MRSA rate was 62.5%. Candida spp. remained susceptible to commonly used antifungal agents. Bacteria are the primary cause of bloodstream infections. Multidrug-resistant strains such as P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and MRSA account for a significant proportion. Continuous monitoring of resistance patterns supports clinicians in selecting appropriate antibiotics, thereby reducing mortality and treatment costs.

BISPHOSPHONATE INDUCED OSTEONECROSIS OFTHE JAWS

Nguyen Viet Phuong, Nghiem Thi Hong Nhung

Trang 86-94

Lượt tải: 15 Lượt xem: 40

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i7.11

Bisphosphonate (BP) is a group of drugs used to treat osteoporosis, multiple myeloma, skeletal metastasis cancer. BP’s mechanism of action is to reduce bone resorption by inhibiting the osteoclasts activity. Therefore, the indication of BP is increasingly widespread and becomes the first class of drugs in the treatment of osteoporosis. At Frienship Hospital, over the past five years, we have encountered 12 cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) at various stages. The key message we wish to convey in this report is to kindly encourage close collaboration between internal medicine specialists and oral maxillofacial surgeons during bisphosphonate therapy, in order to minimize the risk of BRONJ complications for patients.

Abstract:

Bisphosphonate (BP) is a group of drugs used to treat osteoporosis, multiple myeloma, skeletal metastasis cancer. BP’s mechanism of action is to reduce bone resorption by inhibiting the osteoclasts activity. Therefore, the indication of BP is increasingly widespread and becomes the first class of drugs in the treatment of osteoporosis. At Frienship Hospital, over the past five years, we have encountered 12 cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) at various stages. The key message we wish to convey in this report is to kindly encourage close collaboration between internal medicine specialists and oral maxillofacial surgeons during bisphosphonate therapy, in order to minimize the risk of BRONJ complications for patients.

BIẾN NGHIÊN CỨU TRỞ NÊN CÓ GIÁ TRỊ: ÁP DỤNG PICOT VÀ POEM CHO NGHIÊN CỨU LÂM SÀNG

MAKING RESEARCH VALUABLE: APPLYING PICOT AND POEM TO CLINICAL RESEARCH

Nguyễn Văn Tuấn

Trang 1-6

Lượt tải: 864 Lượt xem: 428

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i4.1

Phát biểu một câu hỏi nghiên cứu rõ ràng và có cấu trúc là bước đầu quan trọng cho sự thành công của nghiên cứu y học. Tuy nhiên, nhiều bác sĩ lâm sàng gặp khó khăn với bước khởi đầu này, dẫn đến nghiên cứu thiếu tập trung và ít có khả năng tác động đáng kể đến thực hành. Trong bài, tôi giới thiệu khung PICOT có thể biến những tò mò mơ hồ thành các câu hỏi chính xác, có thể trả lời, phù hợp với phương pháp nghiên cứu thực tiễn. Tuy nhiên, một câu hỏi có cấu trúc tốt vẫn chưa đủ nếu nó không dẫn đến kết quả ý nghĩa cho bệnh nhân. Nguyên tắc POEM cung cấp một bộ lọc để đánh giá các câu hỏi nghiên cứu, bảo đảm rằng các nghiên cứu tập trung vào kết quả liên quan đến sức khỏe của bệnh nhân, thay vì chỉ tập trung vào các chỉ số sinh hoá. PICOT và POEM là hai nguyên tắc cốt lõi của y học thực chứng, giúp các bác sĩ lâm sàng ưu tiên nghiên cứu sẽ thay đổi tích cực thực hành lâm sàng và trực tiếp mang lại lợi ích cho bệnh nhân, bảo đảm rằng thời gian và nguồn lực được đầu tư vào nghiên cứu tạo ra bằng chứng thực sự có thể áp dụng tại giường bệnh.

Abstract:

Formulating a clear and structured research question is a critical first step for the success of a medical study. However, many clinicians struggle with this initial phase, leading to unfocused research with little potential for significant impact on practice. In this paper, I introduce the PICOT framework, which can transform vague curiosities into precise, answerable questions suitable for practical research methodologies.However, a well-structured question is insufficient if it does not lead to outcomes that are meaningful to patients. The POEM (Patient-Oriented Evidence that Matters) principle provides a filter for evaluating research questions, ensuring that studies focus on outcomes relevant to patient health, rather than solely on biochemical markers. PICOT and POEM are two core principles of evidence-based medicine that help clinicians prioritize research that will positively change clinical practice and directly benefit patients. This ensures that time and resources are invested in research that generates evidence truly applicable at the bedside.

BỆNH CƠ TIM DO TO ĐẦU CHI Ở NGƯỜI CAO TUỔI: BÁO CÁO CA LÂM SÀNG VÀ TỔNG QUAN CÁCH TIẾP CẬN CHẨN ĐOÁN – ĐIỀU TRỊ

ACROMEGALIC CARDIOMYOPATHY IN AN OLDER ADULT: A CASE REPORT AND A REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Trần Võ Trí Dũng, Tạ Hoàng Lưu, Nguyễn Quốc Phòng, Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngọc, Trần Trung Kiên, Nguyễn Thanh Vy, Nguyễn Thị Mai Hương, Nguyễn Thanh Huân

Trang 134-140

Lượt tải: 16 Lượt xem: 36

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i6.20

Bệnh cơ tim do to đầu chi được xếp vào nhóm bệnh cơ tim do rối loạn nội tiết. Bệnh to đầu chi đặc trưng bởi tình trạng tăng tiết quá mức hormon tăng trưởng (Growth hormone – GH) và hormon trung gian của nó là yếu tố tăng trưởng giống insulin 1 (insulin-like growth factor 1 – IGF-1). Nguyên nhân bệnh to đầu chi trong đa số trường hợp là do u tuyến yên. Nồng độ GH và IGF-1 trong máu cao kéo dài gây tăng sinh tế bào cơ tim, ảnh hưởng sức co bóp của cơ tim và nhiều cơ chế gián tiếp khác dẫn tới bệnh cơ tim. Kiểu hình bệnh cơ tim do to đầu chi thường là bệnh cơ tim phì đại, nhưng nếu không được điều trị kiểm soát hormon, có thể chuyển sang kiểu hình bệnh cơ tim dãn với phân suất tống máu giảm. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi mô tả một trường hợp lâm sàng bệnh nhân cao tuổi nhập viện vì khó thở. Sau khi kết hợp dữ liệu lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng, bệnh nhân được xác định mắc bệnh to đầu chi do u tuyến yên kèm theo suy tim với phân suất tống máu giảm. Bệnh nhân được điều trị lợi tiểu giảm sung huyết, và tối ưu hóa điều trị nội khoa suy tim theo hướng dẫn, cùng với phẫu thuật u tuyến yên khi suy tim ổn định. Tuy nhiên, bệnh nhân đã từ chối phẫu thuật u tuyến yên.

Abstract:

Acromegalic cardiomyopathy is classified as an endocrine cardiomyopathy. Acromegaly is characterized by the hypersecretion of Growth Hormone (GH) and its peripheral mediator, Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1). The etiology in the majority of cases is a pituitary adenoma. Chronic elevation of circulating GH and IGF-1 levels affects cardiomyocyte growth, myocardial contractility, and triggers various indirect mechanisms culminating in cardiomyopathy. The clinical phenotype typically presents as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; however, without hormonal control, it may progress to a dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype with reduced ejection fraction. In this article, we report a clinical case in an older patient presenting with dyspnea. Based on clinical and diagnostic findings, the patient was diagnosed with acromegaly secondary to a pituitary adenoma, complicated by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Management included diuretics for decongestion and optimization of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT), with planned pituitary tumor resection upon stabilization of heart failure. However, the patient declined surgical intervention.

BỆNH CƠ TIM DO NHIỄM ĐỘC GIÁP BIỂU HIỆN SUY TIM VỚI PHÂN SUẤT TỐNG MÁU SIÊU BÌNH THƯỜNG: BÁO CÁO CA BỆNH

THYROTOXIC CARDIOMYOPATHY MANIFESTING AS HEART FAILURE WITH SUPRANORMAL EJECTION FRACTION: A CASE REPORT

Tạ Hoàng Lưu, Tạ Thắng Nam, Trần Võ Trí Dũng, Nguyễn Quốc Phòng, Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngọc, Võ Thảo Uyên, Trần Hữu Chí, Trần Thanh Vy, Nguyễn Thanh Huân

Trang 141-146

Lượt tải: 15 Lượt xem: 36

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i6.21

Bệnh cơ tim do nhiễm độc giáp được xếp vào nhóm bệnh cơ tim do chuyển hoá, biểu hiện lâm sàng bằng tình trạng suy tim cung lượng cao với phân suất tống máu siêu bình thường. Gần đây, suy tim với phân suất tống máu siêu bình thường được xem như kiểu hình riêng biệt của suy tim với tiên lượng và đáp ứng điều trị kém hơn nhóm suy tim với phân suất tống máu bảo tồn. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi mô tả một trường hợp lâm sàng nhập viện vì mệt mỏi, hồi hộp kèm tiêu chảy. Sau khi kết hợp dữ liệu lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng, bệnh nhân được xác định mắc hội chứng nhiễm độc giáp kèm theo suy tim với phân suất tống máu siêu bình thường. Bệnh nhân được điều trị bằng thuốc kháng giáp tổng hợp phối hợp với thuốc chẹn beta. Sau 7 ngày điều trị, bệnh nhân cải thiện đáng kể về triệu chứng lâm sàng và chức năng tim mạch trên siêu âm tim.

Abstract:

Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy is categorized within the spectrum of metabolic cardiomyopathies and typically presents with high-output heart failure accompanied by a supranormal left ventricular ejection fraction. In recent years, heart failure with supranormal ejection fraction (HFsnEF) has been increasingly regarded as a distinct heart failure phenotype, exhibiting worse prognosis and suboptimal treatment response compared with the group with preserved ejection fraction. In this report, we present a clinical case of a patient admitted with fatigue, palpitations, and diarrhea. After comprehensive integration of clinical findings, laboratory test results, and imaging data, the patient was ultimately diagnosed with thyrotoxicosis accompanied by heart failure with supranormal ejection fraction. The patient was treated with a combination of antithyroid medication and a beta-blocker. After seven days of therapy, the patient demonstrated marked improvement in clinical symptoms as well as cardiac function on echocardiographic assessment.

BÁO CÁO TRƯỜNG HỢP: PHẪU THUẬT TÁI TẠOTHÀNH BỤNG ĐA VẬT LIỆU SAU CẮT U CƠ SỢI LỚN THÀNH BỤNG

CASE REPORT: MULTI-MATERIAL ABDOMINAL WALL RECONSTRUCTION SURGERY AFTER MASSIVE DESMOID TUMOR RESECTION

Phạm Quang Nhật, Nguyễn Thanh Phong

Trang 132-135

Lượt tải: 73 Lượt xem: 267

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i3.20

U sợi quá phát (u Desmoid) thành bụng là khối u hiếm gặp, có tính xâm lấn tại chỗ và tỷ lệ tái phát cao. Nghiên cứu này báo cáo trường hợp phẫu thuật cắt u lớn và tái tạo thành bụng bằng kết hợp lưới nhân tạo và mô tự thân, nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả về mặt chức năng và thẩm mỹ. Bệnh nhân nam 29 tuổi, phát hiện khối u thành bụng kích thước 10x15cm, được chẩn đoán u Desmoid qua sinh thiết. Bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật cắt toàn bộ khối u, tạo khuyết hổng lớn và tái tạo thành bụng bằng lưới nhân tạo IPOM kết hợp vạt cơ thẳng bụng và vạt cân. Giải phẫu bệnh xác nhận u Desmoid với diện cắt âm tính (R0). Bệnh nhân xuất viện sau 7 ngày, không biến chứng nghiêm trọng. Sau 1 năm theo dõi, kết quả đạt được về thẩm mỹ, chức năng vận động và không ghi nhận tái phát. Phẫu thuật cắt u Desmoid kết hợp tái tạo thành bụng đa vật liệu là phương pháp khả thi, đảm bảo kết quả lâu dài về chức năng và thẩm mỹ. Ca lâm sàng này nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc lựa chọn phương pháp tái tạo phù hợp cho khuyết hổng lớn sau phẫu thuật.

Abstract:

Abdominal wall aggressive fibromatosis (Desmoid tumor) is a rare, locally invasive tumor with a high recurrence rate. This study reports a case of surgical resection of a large tumor and multi-material abdominal wall reconstruction, evaluating functional and aesthetic outcomes. A 29-year-old male presented with a 10x15cm abdominal wall mass, diagnosed as Desmoid tumor via biopsy. The patient underwent complete tumor resection, resulting in a significant abdominal defect. Reconstruction was performed using a combination of intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM), rectus abdominis muscle flap, and fascia flap. Pathology confirmed R0 resection. The patient was discharged on day 7 without major complications. At 1-year follow-up, results showed excellent aesthetic and functional recovery with no recurrence. Surgical resection of Desmoid tumors combined with multi-material abdominal wall reconstruction is a feasible approach, ensuring long-term functional and aesthetic success. This case highlights the importance of selecting appropriate reconstruction techniques for large post-resection defects.

BÁO CÁO TRƯỜNG HỢP SARCOM MỠ SAU PHÚC MẠC TÁI PHÁT

CASE REPORT OF RECURRENT RETROPERITONEAL LIPOSARCOMA

Vũ Lộc, Hồ Hữu Đức, Hoàng Anh Bắc

Trang 128-131

Lượt tải: 117 Lượt xem: 364

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i3.19

Sarcoma mô mỡ sau phúc mạc là một bệnh lý hiếm gặp, chiếm khoảng 15% các u mô mềm ở người lớn và có tỷ lệ tái phát cao. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trường hợp u sau phúc mạc tái phát để đánh giá và xem xét các định hướng trong điều trị. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trường hợp nữ 45 tuổi có tiền căn phẫu thuật cắt u sarcoma mô mỡ sau phúc mạc vùng chậu kích thước lớn (23x12cm) vào năm 2020, có biệt hóa tốt (Grade I) nhưng có tế bào u ở nang buồng trứng (giai đoạn IIIB). Sau 3 năm theo dõi, bệnh nhân được phát hiện tái phát u ở vùng cực dưới thận phải kích thước 37x38mm trên CTscan. Bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật cắt bỏ hoàn toàn khối u tái phát với diện cắt âm tính (R0), kết quả giải phẫu bệnh xác nhận sarcoma mô mỡ biệt hóa tốt (Grade I). Sau 9 tháng theo dõi, chưa ghi nhận tái phát. Ca lâm sàng này nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc theo dõi định kỳ sau phẫu thuật, giúp phát hiện sớm tái phát khi khối u còn nhỏ, tăng khả năng điều trị triệt để và cải thiện tiên lượng cho bệnh nhân.

Abstract:

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare condition, accounting for approximately 15% of adult soft tissue tumors and has a high recurrence rate. We report a case of recurrent retroperitoneal tumor to evaluate and review treatment approaches. We report a case of a 45-year-old female with a history of surgical resection of a large pelvic retroperitoneal liposarcoma (23x12cm) in 2020, which was well-differentiated (Grade I) but had tumor cells in an ovarian cyst (Stage IIIB). After 3 years of follow-up, the patient was found to have a tumor recurrence at the lower pole of the right kidney measuring 37x38mm on CT scan. The patient underwent complete surgical resection of the recurrent tumor with negative margins (R0), and pathology confirmed well-differentiated liposarcoma (Grade I). After 9 months of followup, no recurrence has been detected. This case emphasizes the importance of regular postoperative follow-up, which helps detect early recurrence when tumors are still small, increases the possibility of complete treatment, and improves patient prognosis.

AURICULAR ELECTROACUPUNCTURE FOR FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY AT THE DEPARTMENT OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE, THONG NHAT HOSPITAL

Nguyen Thi Que Chi, Hoang Thi Hong Nhung, Nguyen Quoc Phong, Le Thi Hanh, Nguyen Thi Truc Nha, Vu Thị Ly Na

Trang 68-73

Lượt tải: 127 Lượt xem: 210

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.10

This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of electro-auricular acupuncture in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders, as classified by Traditional Medicine. Thirty patients with digestive disorders were enrolled and received daily electro-auricular acupuncture for 14 consecutive days. Symptom severity was assessed at baseline D0, D7, and D14 using a standardized questionnaire. In the excess pattern group, a statistically significant improvement was observed in certain symptoms by day 7 (abdominal pain, p=0,04; borborygmus/bloating, p=0,008), with most symptoms showing marked reduction by day 14 (p<0,05). For the deficiency pattern group, most symptoms demonstrated significant improvement primarily at D14 (p<0,05); however, specific symptoms such as “sallow complexion/cold limbs” and “fatigue/poor appetite” showed improvement only at this later time point. The treatment was well-tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported. Minor, self-limited side effects included pain at insertion (10%), mild bleeding (6,7%), and needle faint (3,3%). The findings suggest that electro-auricular acupuncture is an effective intervention for improving the symptoms of digestive disorders in both excess and deficiency patterns and possesses a favorable safety profile.

 

ASSESSMENT OF HEART FAILURE KNOWLEDGE IN OUTPATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AT THONG NHAT HOSPITAL

Hoang Thi Tuyet, Le Quoc Hung, Nguyen Thi Thu Huong, Ngo Thi Hao, Nguyen Thi Huong, Nguyen Van Be Hai

Trang 30-38

Lượt tải: 20 Lượt xem: 57

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i7.4

Chronic heart failure is one of the leading causes of hospitalizations, impaired quality of life, and increased socioeconomic burden. Adequate disease awareness and effective self-care are key factors in improving prognosis and reducing hospital readmissions. A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted from January 1 to May 31, 2025, involving 200 patients. The tools used included the Dutch Heart Failure Knowledge Scale (DHFKS), a qualityof-life questionnaire, and a self-care assessment. Results: 66% of patients were aged ≥60 years, 94.5% had health insurance, and 78.5% resided in urban areas. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) accounted for 73.5%, significantly higher among patients aged ≥60 years (78.8%, p = 0.026). Hypertension (91%) and dyslipidemia (77%) were the most common comorbidities. A total of 78% of patients demonstrated good knowledge of heart failure. Regarding self-care behaviors, most adhered to a low-salt diet and regular weight monitoring, though physical activity remained suboptimal. Dyspnea and lower limb edema significantly impacted quality of life. When symptoms occurred, patients commonly contacted healthcare providers. Conclusions: The majority of outpatients with chronic heart failure demonstrated good disease awareness; however, improvements in self-care practices and multidimensional support are needed to enhance quality of life and reduce disease burden.

Abstract:

Chronic heart failure is one of the leading causes of hospitalizations, impaired quality of life, and increased socioeconomic burden. Adequate disease awareness and effective self-care are key factors in improving prognosis and reducing hospital readmissions. A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted from January 1 to May 31, 2025, involving 200 patients. The tools used included the Dutch Heart Failure Knowledge Scale (DHFKS), a qualityof-life questionnaire, and a self-care assessment. Results: 66% of patients were aged ≥60 years, 94.5% had health insurance, and 78.5% resided in urban areas. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) accounted for 73.5%, significantly higher among patients aged ≥60 years (78.8%, p = 0.026). Hypertension (91%) and dyslipidemia (77%) were the most common comorbidities. A total of 78% of patients demonstrated good knowledge of heart failure. Regarding self-care behaviors, most adhered to a low-salt diet and regular weight monitoring, though physical activity remained suboptimal. Dyspnea and lower limb edema significantly impacted quality of life. When symptoms occurred, patients commonly contacted healthcare providers. Conclusions: The majority of outpatients with chronic heart failure demonstrated good disease awareness; however, improvements in self-care practices and multidimensional support are needed to enhance quality of life and reduce disease burden.

Colonic diverticulitis is increasing in Asia, yet data on clinical patterns in Vietnam remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, imaging characteristics, and treatment outcomes at Thong Nhat Hospital. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 105 patients from January 1 to September 1, 2025. Data on demographics, clinical features, laboratory tests, CT findings, WSES classification, treatment strategies, and outcomes were collected and analyzed using SPSS 26.0, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The mean age was 53.9 ± 20.0 years, with 31.4% aged ≥65. Males accounted for 67.6%. The most common symptom was right lower quadrant pain (55.2%). CT revealed diverticula mainly in the sigmoid colon (40.0%), cecum (37.1%), and right colon (19.0%). WSES stages were: 1a (57.1%), 1b (19.0%), 2a (11.4%), 2b (7.6%), 3 (3.8%), and 4 (1.0%). Medical treatment was applied in 89.5% of cases, percutaneous drainage in 1.0%, and surgery in 9.5%. The mean hospital stay was 7.6 ± 4.4 days, significantly longer in complicated cases and those requiring invasive interventions (p < 0.05). Colonic diverticulitis in Vietnam often affects middle-aged males, with location varying by age: cecum/right colon in younger patients and sigmoid colon in the elderly. CT-scan plays a crucial role in diagnosis, staging, and guiding treatment.

Abstract:

Colonic diverticulitis is increasing in Asia, yet data on clinical patterns in Vietnam remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, imaging characteristics, and treatment outcomes at Thong Nhat Hospital. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 105 patients from January 1 to September 1, 2025. Data on demographics, clinical features, laboratory tests, CT findings, WSES classification, treatment strategies, and outcomes were collected and analyzed using SPSS 26.0, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The mean age was 53.9 ± 20.0 years, with 31.4% aged ≥65. Males accounted for 67.6%. The most common symptom was right lower quadrant pain (55.2%). CT revealed diverticula mainly in the sigmoid colon (40.0%), cecum (37.1%), and right colon (19.0%). WSES stages were: 1a (57.1%), 1b (19.0%), 2a (11.4%), 2b (7.6%), 3 (3.8%), and 4 (1.0%). Medical treatment was applied in 89.5% of cases, percutaneous drainage in 1.0%, and surgery in 9.5%. The mean hospital stay was 7.6 ± 4.4 days, significantly longer in complicated cases and those requiring invasive interventions (p < 0.05). Colonic diverticulitis in Vietnam often affects middle-aged males, with location varying by age: cecum/right colon in younger patients and sigmoid colon in the elderly. CT-scan plays a crucial role in diagnosis, staging, and guiding treatment.

ASSESSING ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY IN TREATING HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS AT A VIETNAMESE NATIONAL HOSPITAL

Nguyen Ngoc Phuong Thanh, Vo Trung Dinh, Bui Thi Huong Quynh

Trang 58-72

Lượt tải: 11 Lượt xem: 34

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i7.8

To evaluate the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in treating healthcare-associated infections and identify factors associated with patient outcomes at a national hospital in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 medical records of patients who were diagnosed with healthcare-associated infection at Thong Nhat Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023, using data from the Infection Control Department. Appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy was defined as physician adherence to Thong Nhat Hospital guidelines for antibiotic use. The factors associated with the treatment outcome were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. The median age of the patients was 75.5 (65-85). Hospital-acquired pneumonia was identified in 51.6% of patients. The most prevalent pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The overall appropriate rate of empiric antimicrobial therapy was 76.2%. The successful treatment outcome rate was 71.3%. Lower respiratory tract infection, sepsis/sepsis shock, cancer, and comatose state were factors associated with treatment failure. Active management and treatment are essential for patients with lower respiratory infection, sepsis or septic shock, cancer, and comatose states to improve treatment outcomes.

Abstract:

To evaluate the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in treating healthcare-associated infections and identify factors associated with patient outcomes at a national hospital in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 medical records of patients who were diagnosed with healthcare-associated infection at Thong Nhat Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023, using data from the Infection Control Department. Appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy was defined as physician adherence to Thong Nhat Hospital guidelines for antibiotic use. The factors associated with the treatment outcome were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. The median age of the patients was 75.5 (65-85). Hospital-acquired pneumonia was identified in 51.6% of patients. The most prevalent pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The overall appropriate rate of empiric antimicrobial therapy was 76.2%. The successful treatment outcome rate was 71.3%. Lower respiratory tract infection, sepsis/sepsis shock, cancer, and comatose state were factors associated with treatment failure. Active management and treatment are essential for patients with lower respiratory infection, sepsis or septic shock, cancer, and comatose states to improve treatment outcomes.

ASPIRIN HYPERSENSITIVITY IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: PRACTICAL CHALLENGES AND MANAGEMENT APPROACHES

Đoàn Nữ Ngọc Linh, Nguyen Van Tan

Trang 24-34

Lượt tải: 259 Lượt xem: 288

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.4

Aspirin là liệu pháp nền tảng trong điều trị bệnh động mạch vành, tuy nhiên tình trạng quá mẫn làm phức tạp việc sử dụng thuốc trong thực hành lâm sàng. Bài tổng quan tường thuật này tổng hợp các bằng chứng hiện nay từ các nghiên cứu và hướng dẫn, nhằm cung cấp khuyến nghị thực tiễn dựa trên chứng cứ về dịch tễ học, cơ chế, phân loại và quản lý quá mẫn với aspirin. Tỷ lệ hiện mắc được ước tính là 0,5–1,9% trong dân số chung và 2,6% ở bệnh nhân được chụp mạch vành. Trong cơ sở dữ liệu ADAPTED, một phác đồ giải mẫn cảm nhanh đạt tỷ lệ thành công 95,4%, với 80,3% bệnh nhân vẫn duy trì được aspirin sau 12 tháng. Khuyến cáo 2025 của Hội Tim mạch Hoa Kỳ đề xuất giải mẫn cảm aspirin là chiến lược ưu tiên ở bệnh cảnh hội chứng vành cấp. Ngược lại, khuyến cáo 2024 của Hội Tim mạch châu Âu khuyến nghị sử dụng clopidogrel trong bệnh cảnh hội chứng vành mạn khi bệnh nhân không dung nạp aspirin. Giải mẫn cảm chống chỉ định ở những bệnh nhân có tiền sử sốc phản vệ nặng. Do đó, giải mẫn cảm nên được ưu tiên thực hiện bất cứ khi nào có thể. Khi không khả thi hoặc thất bại, các lựa chọn thay thế — như cilostazol, indobufen, hoặc các phác đồ dựa trên thuốc ức chế P2Y12 có hoặc không phối hợp thuốc kháng đông đường uống — có thể được cân nhắc dựa trên nguy cơ thiếu máu cục bộ và nguy cơ chảy máu. Cần có các thử nghiệm ngẫu nhiên có đối chứng với độ tin cậy cao để xác nhận hiệu quả của những chiến lược này.

Abstract:

Aspirin is a cornerstone therapy for coronary artery disease (CAD), yet hypersensitivity complicates its use in clinical practice. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence from studies and guidelines to provide pragmatic, evidence–based recommendations on the epidemiology, mechanisms, classification, and management of aspirin hypersensitivity. Prevalence is estimated at 0.5–1.9% in the general population and 2.6% among patients undergoing coronary angiography. In the ADAPTED (Aspirin Desensitization in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease) registry, a rapid desensitization protocol achieved a 95.4% success rate, with 80.3% of patients remaining on aspirin at 12 months. The 2025 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines recommend aspirin desensitization as the preferred strategy in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). In contrast, the 2024 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend clopidogrel for chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) when aspirin is not tolerated. Desensitization is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe anaphylaxis. Accordingly, desensitization should be preferred whenever feasible. When it is not possible or unsuccessful, alternatives—such as cilostazol, indobufen, or P2Y12 inhibitor–based regimens with or without oral anticoagulants—may be considered based on ischemic and bleeding risk. Robust randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of these strategies.

APPLICATION OF SIX SIGMA METHOD EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELL TESTING AT PHUONG CHAU INTERNATIONAL HOSPITAL

Võ Thành Trí, Bùi Thụy An, Lê Trung Tín, Lê Phước Lợi, Nguyễn Thị Bảo Hà

Trang 100-105

Lượt tải: 90 Lượt xem: 187

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.15

The Six Sigma approach enables laboratories to objectively evaluate analytical performance, refine IQC protocols, and establish suitable IQC frequencies. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and optimize the IQC procedure for selected hematology tests on the Advia 2120i automated hematology analyzer. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using internal quality control and external quality assessment data from April 2024 to December 2024 at Phuong Chau International Hospital. The results showed that WBC and PLT achieved sigma values >4 at all three IQC levels. HGB had sigma values ranging from 3 to <6, while RBC had sigma values between 2 and <4 across all three IQC levels. Most tests in this study reached “acceptable” sigma performance or higher. These findings demonstrate that the Six Sigma approach is effective in monitoring and improving test quality by enabling the selection of appropriate IQC strategies for each parameter.

 

Kidney transplantation is one of the most effective treatment options for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, a considerable number of patients die while waiting for transplantation. We conducted a descriptive case series of six kidney transplantations from brain-dead donors in Thong Nhat hospital. All six procedures were completed successfully following a standardized Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) anaesthetic protocol. No patients experienced postoperative nausea or delayed graft function, and early urine output exceeded 2 mL.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹ in all recipients. The prevalence of end-stage renal disease is steadily increasing, while the disparity between available organ supply and transplantation demand continues to widen. Organs from brain-dead donors represent an effective strategy to address this shortage. Kidney transplantation is a highly complex surgical procedure that necessitates meticulous anesthetic planning to ensure patient safety and optimize graft function. ERAS‑based protocols offer safe and effective perioperative management, resulting in reduced complications, shorter hospital stays and improved patient satisfaction.

Abstract:

Kidney transplantation is one of the most effective treatment options for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, a considerable number of patients die while waiting for transplantation. We conducted a descriptive case series of six kidney transplantations from brain-dead donors in Thong Nhat hospital. All six procedures were completed successfully following a standardized Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) anaesthetic protocol. No patients experienced postoperative nausea or delayed graft function, and early urine output exceeded 2 mL.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹ in all recipients. The prevalence of end-stage renal disease is steadily increasing, while the disparity between available organ supply and transplantation demand continues to widen. Organs from brain-dead donors represent an effective strategy to address this shortage. Kidney transplantation is a highly complex surgical procedure that necessitates meticulous anesthetic planning to ensure patient safety and optimize graft function. ERAS‑based protocols offer safe and effective perioperative management, resulting in reduced complications, shorter hospital stays and improved patient satisfaction.

AESTHETIC SKIN CARE IN GERIATRICS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN ENHANCING QUALITY OF LIFE IN OLDER ADULTS

Nguyễn Thị Trà My, Nguyễn Ảnh Sang, Trần Quốc Doanh

Trang 13-20

Lượt tải: 24 Lượt xem: 63

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i7.2

The rapidly aging population creates new demands for comprehensive healthcare, including aesthetic dermatology. Physical appearance directly influences psychological well-being, self-confidence, and quality of life in older adults. This review aims to analyze the role of aesthetic skin care in geriatrics, identify the boundaries between appropriate needs and excessive interventions, and highlight the risks of complications as well as physicians’ responsibilities in ensuring safety. We systematically synthesized and analyzed medical literature published between 2015 and 2025 related to skin aesthetics, geriatrics, and elderly healthcare. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using the following keywords: “geriatrics dermatology”, “skin aesthetics”, “aesthetic skin care”, “elderly dermatology”, “cosmetic dermatology,” “aesthetic interventions complications elderly”, “quality of life”, “skin care elderly”, “complications”, “physician counseling”. Evidence indicates that aesthetic skin care significantly improves psychological health, quality of life, and social connectedness in older adults. However, complication risks are heightened due to multimorbidity, long-term medication use, and age-related physiological changes of the skin. Ethical considerations and the distinction between appropriate and excessive interventions must be carefully addressed in clinical practice. Aesthetic skin care in geriatrics represents an inevitable trend but requires cautious implementation. Physicians play a pivotal role in counseling, preventing complications, and selecting appropriate interventions to optimize both medical benefits and humanistic values in the comprehensive care of older adults.

Abstract:

The rapidly aging population creates new demands for comprehensive healthcare, including aesthetic dermatology. Physical appearance directly influences psychological well-being, self-confidence, and quality of life in older adults. This review aims to analyze the role of aesthetic skin care in geriatrics, identify the boundaries between appropriate needs and excessive interventions, and highlight the risks of complications as well as physicians’ responsibilities in ensuring safety. We systematically synthesized and analyzed medical literature published between 2015 and 2025 related to skin aesthetics, geriatrics, and elderly healthcare. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using the following keywords: “geriatrics dermatology”, “skin aesthetics”, “aesthetic skin care”, “elderly dermatology”, “cosmetic dermatology,” “aesthetic interventions complications elderly”, “quality of life”, “skin care elderly”, “complications”, “physician counseling”. Evidence indicates that aesthetic skin care significantly improves psychological health, quality of life, and social connectedness in older adults. However, complication risks are heightened due to multimorbidity, long-term medication use, and age-related physiological changes of the skin. Ethical considerations and the distinction between appropriate and excessive interventions must be carefully addressed in clinical practice. Aesthetic skin care in geriatrics represents an inevitable trend but requires cautious implementation. Physicians play a pivotal role in counseling, preventing complications, and selecting appropriate interventions to optimize both medical benefits and humanistic values in the comprehensive care of older adults.

ADVANCES IN FLEXIBLE BRONCHOSCOPY FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER

Ngo The Hoang

Trang 21-29

Lượt tải: 14 Lượt xem: 42

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v2i7.3

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death. In central airway lesions, flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is the diagnostic backbone, as it allows direct visualization, lesion localization, and sampling, while integrating new technologies such as autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB), narrow-band imaging (NBI), endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), electromagnetic/CBCT-guided navigation bronchoscopy (ENB, CBCT), robotic bronchoscopy, and “real-time pathology” techniques such as confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). Over the past 5–7 years, evidence shows these technologies significantly enhance sensitivity/early detection, increase diagnostic yield for small peripheral nodules, reduce complications compared with transthoracic biopsy, and open the era of artificial intelligence (AI) for lesion recognition and procedural training. This article summarizes key advances, clinical impact, limitations, and implementation prospects in Vietnam.

Abstract:

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death. In central airway lesions, flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is the diagnostic backbone, as it allows direct visualization, lesion localization, and sampling, while integrating new technologies such as autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB), narrow-band imaging (NBI), endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), electromagnetic/CBCT-guided navigation bronchoscopy (ENB, CBCT), robotic bronchoscopy, and “real-time pathology” techniques such as confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). Over the past 5–7 years, evidence shows these technologies significantly enhance sensitivity/early detection, increase diagnostic yield for small peripheral nodules, reduce complications compared with transthoracic biopsy, and open the era of artificial intelligence (AI) for lesion recognition and procedural training. This article summarizes key advances, clinical impact, limitations, and implementation prospects in Vietnam.

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TRIGGERED BY DROWNING IN AN ELDERLY PATIENT: A CASE REPORT

Nguyen Van Tan, Nguyễn Phan Hoàng Phúc, Le Tran Bao Ngoc

Trang 133-138

Lượt tải: 62 Lượt xem: 126

DOI: 10.63947/bvtn.v1i5.21

Drowning is a leading cause of unintentional injury-related mortality worldwide, particularly in two vulnerable populations: children and the elderly. In addition to respiratory compromise, drowning may lead to serious complications such as hypothermia, prolonged neurological injury, and cardiovascular sequelae — including myocardial damage. Myocardial infarction following drowning is rare and frequently overlooked in the acute setting, as elevated cardiac biomarkers are often attributed to resuscitation efforts. Nevertheless, in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors, systemic hypoxia combined with acute physiological stress induced by drowning may serve as a trigger for true myocardial infarction. This report describes an incidental finding of underlying coronary artery disease following a drowning event, underscoring the critical importance of comprehensive cardiovascular assessment in drowning survivors for early recognition of life-threatening cardiac events and timely, individualized management